What does "ondulé" refer to in string performance?

The term "ondulé" in string performance refers to a specific bowing technique where the bow moves across adjacent strings in a motion similar to a tremolo. This creates a wave-like effect in the sound, which is characterized by a rapid, vibrating quality that enhances the musical texture. The technique involves not just alternating between different notes but doing so in a way that produces a flowing, undulating sound that can emulate the natural curves or waves, which is where the term "ondulé" derives from its French roots, meaning 'wavy.' This sound is particularly effective in adding expressiveness and fluidity to the music being performed.

In contrast, the other options refer to different playing techniques or styles not specifically associated with the ondulé technique. For instance, producing a steady rhythmic accompaniment relates more to consistent timing and phrasing, while a light and airy touch describes a general articulation approach that doesn’t capture the essence of ondulé. Playing in a quick, sharp manner suggests a different kind of attack and phrasing distinct from the smooth, wave-like characteristics of an ondulé performance.