What does it mean to perform a piece col legno?

Performing a piece col legno involves using the stick of the bow to strike the strings of the instrument, such as a violin or cello. This technique produces a distinct sound that is different from traditional bowing methods. It often creates a percussive effect, which can be used to add texture and rhythm to the music. Col legno translates to "with the wood," reflecting the physical action of the bow's wooden stick engaging with the strings rather than the horsehair side of the bow.

The other options describe various playing techniques but do not accurately define col legno. For instance, playing softly with the soft part of the bow, plucking the strings with fingers, or using a variety of bowing techniques represents different expressive methods that can be employed in string playing, whereas col legno specifically refers to the unique method of striking the strings with the bow’s stick. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for interpreting and performing music correctly.