What does an appoggiatura typically involve?

An appoggiatura is a musical ornament that typically involves a non-chord tone, which creates dissonance against the underlying harmony before it resolves to a consonant tone. It often occurs as a leap to this dissonance, providing emotional tension, followed by a descending step to the note of resolution. This characteristic leap followed by a stepwise motion effectively highlights the expressive quality of the appoggiatura, making it a favored device in various musical styles for creating poignant moments in melodic lines.

In contrast, the other options describe different musical techniques or notes that do not align with the conventional definition of an appoggiatura. For instance, a gradual ascent followed by a sustained note refers to a different type of melodic movement, while a quick succession of notes in an ascending scale resembles a scale passage or run, and a repeated note articulated with emphasis is more indicative of a rhythmic or phrasing technique rather than an ornament like the appoggiatura.